Hair Analysis in Clinical and Forensic Toxicology

Hair Analysis in Clinical and Forensic Toxicology is an essential reference for toxicologists working with, and researching, hair analysis. The text presents a review of the most up-to-date analytical methods in toxicological hair analysis, along with state-of-the-art developments in the areas of hair physiology, sampling, and pre-treatments, as well as discussions of fundamental issues, applications, and results interpretation

Table des matières :

Hair Analysis in Clinical and Forensic Toxicology, 1st Edition

• Foreword
• List of Contributors
• Chapter 1. Anatomy and Physiology of Hair, and Principles for its Collection1.1
• Introduction
• 1.2 Hair Anatomy and Physiology
• 1.3 Classification of Hair Types
• 1.4 Hair Growth Rates
• 1.5 Hair Color
• 1.6 Mechanisms of Drug Incorporation
• 1.7 Incorporation from the Bloodstream, Sebum and Sweat
• 1.8 Incorporation from External Contamination
• 1.9 Dose-Response Relationship
• 1.10 Melanin Binding
• 1.11 Sample Collection Protocols
• 1.12 Collection Procedure
• 1.13 Discussion
• 1.14 Conclusion
• References
• Chapter 2. Hair Sample Preparation, Extraction, and Screening Procedures for
• Drugs of Abuse and Pharmaceuticals
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Sample Preparation
• 2.3 Analyte Extraction
• 2.4 Screening Strategies
• 2.5 Concluding Remarks
• References
• Chapter 3. External Contamination: Still a Debate?
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 External Contamination: Commonly Encountered Drugs
• 3.3 Alcohol: FAEE and EtG
• 3.4 Concluding Remarks
• References
• Chapter 4. Alcohol Biomarkers in Hair
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Alcohol Amount, Drinking Pattern, and Minor Metabolites of Ethanol in Hair
• 4.3 Ethyl Glucuronide
• 4.4 Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters
• 4.5 Combined Use of EtG and FAEEs
• 4.6 Comparison of EtG and FAEE in Hair with Other Alcohol Markers
• 4.7 Practical Applications of EtG and FAEE in Hair
• 4.8 Cocaethylene
• 4.9 Outlook
• References
• Chapter 5. Clinical Applications of Hair Analysis
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Hair Analysis in Maternal, Neonatal, and Child Health
• 5.3 Clinical Applications of Hair Cortisol Analysis
• 5.4 Future Clinical Applications of Hair Testing
• References
• Chapter 6. Experiences in Child Hair Analysis6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Age as a Factor of Influence of Drug Distribution
• 6.3 Differences in Children’s Hair versus Adults
• 6.4 Case Reports
• 6.5 Conclusion and Perspectives
• References
• Chapter 7. Hair Analysis for the Biomonitoring of Human Exposure to Organic
• Pollutants7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 The Challenge of Assessing Environmental Exposure
• 7.3 Sample Pretreatment
• References
• Chapter 8. Workplace Drug Testing
• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Ideal Matrix in the Workplace Scenario
• 8.3 Evidence that a Hair Drug Test Detects More Users than Urine
• 8.4 Procedures for Drug Testing Using Hair
• 8.5 Accreditation
• 8.6 Interpretation and Reporting
• 8.7 Hair Analysis in the Workplace
• 8.8 Conclusions
• References
• Chapter 9. Forensic Applications of Hair Analysis
• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Advantages of Hair Analysis
• 9.3 Limitations of Hair Analysis 9.4 Applications of Hair Analysis in Forensic Toxicology
• References
• Chapter 10. Doping, Applications of Hair Analysis
• 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Hair Testing for Positive Identification of Prohibited Substances
• 10.3 Hair Testing as Additional Evidence in Presumptive Doping Cases
• 10.4 Hair Testing for Doping Control in Animals
• References
• Chapter 11. Detection of New Psychoactive Substances
• 11.1 Introduction 11.2 The Challenge of NPS Detection
• 11.3 Ketamine
• 11.4 Synthetic Cathinones
• 11.5 Synthetic Cannabinoids
• 11.6 Conclusions
• Acknowledgments
• References
• Chapter 12. New Challenges and Perspectives in Hair Analysis
• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.2 Conditioning Factors and Sources of Variability
• 12.3 Innovative Technologies and Instrumental Advancements
• References
• Index